Palavras-chave
Política social
Estratégia de desenvolvimento - África
Como Citar
Resumo
O artigo discute os Programas de Ajuste Estrutural do Banco Mundial e do Fundo Monetário Internacional na África Subsaariana nos anos 1980 e 1990. A maioria dos países da região não demonstrou autonomia em relação à gestão econômica nacional e aos processos de políticas públicas, mas aceitou as prescrições de austeridade econômica da instituição financeira internacional, que supostamente teriam ressuscitado suas economias. O artigo fornece algumas idéias sobre como agências financeiras multilaterais engajaram os governos nacionais, não como parceiros em uma relação contratual, mas como atores servis. Esta situação não foi mutuamente benéfica para ambas as partes, pois as intervenções nas economias locais por meio de injeções financeiras não resultaram em reembolso mais fácil de empréstimos pelos governos da África Subsaariana. Porém, as condicionalidades ligadas aos empréstimos resultaram na erosão das políticas sociais e dos direitos sociais na África Subsaariana no referido período. Em vez de apoiar as economias dos países da região, tais Programas ajudaram a enfraquecê-las ou mesmo implodi-las, assim como corroeram os ganhos de política social que foram alcançados na década de independência nesta região. O principal argumento do artigo é que os países da África Subsaariana deveriam reforçar suas instituições, mecanismos de elaboração de políticas, e não cometer os mesmos erros cometidos durante aquele período, se quiserem se desenvolver e ser prósperos neste século.
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