Resumo
Após a crise financeira internacional de 2008, houve profundas mudanças no mercado de trabalho chinês: o processo de integração dos mercados de trabalho segmentou os trabalhadores migrantes; a escassez geral de mão de obra contrastou com o grave desemprego juvenil; o rápido crescimento dos salários resultou em maior desigualdade na distribuição de renda; o lento aumento da população em idade ativa deixou de contrabalançar o decrescente bônus demográfico, entre outras. Junto com essas mudanças, ocorreram distúrbios trabalhistas, que tenderam a ser politizados desde 2010. Os trabalhadores migrantes são vistos com forte potencial para liderar o atual movimento trabalhista e seu papel pioneiro. Em suma, essas transformações são, em grande medida, respostas passivas a mudanças nas configurações econômicas e impulsionadas por políticas proativas de mercado de trabalho. Este artigo, por meio de análises múltiplas do mercado de trabalho, acompanha a resposta dos trabalhadores e expõe a estratégia do Estado para a transformação do mercado de trabalho com base em uma ideologia ordoliberal.
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