Mots-clés
Fabrication avancée
Emploi industriel
Brésil
Comment citer
Résumé
L'objectif de l'article est de présenter le débat sur les conséquences de l'industrie 4.0 dans le monde du travail sur la base de rapports d'organisations multilatérales, d'études universitaires et de projections de cabinets de conseil sur les transformations technologiques et leurs impacts sur l'emploi. Tout d'abord, les principaux changements dans la structure économique dus à l'avancée de la “fabrication avancée” sont analysés. Ensuite, les impacts de l'automatisation sur le travail sont abordés, en mettant en évidence le processus de destruction et de création d'emplois et les nouvelles formes d'organisation du travail. L'impact hétérogène des innovations technologiques sur l'emploi est évident si l'on compare les pays centraux et périphériques en termes de rythme de changement, de secteurs économiques et de groupes sociaux les plus touchés, et de niveau de qualification des emplois supprimés et créés. A la fin, de brèves remarques sont faites sur les spécificités brésiliennes.
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