Resumen
"Financiarización" es una categoría analítica esencial para la comprensión de la dinámica del capitalismo contemporáneo y para entender las transformaciones en curso en el mundo del trabajo. Este artículo se centra en interpretaciones de la financiarización en dos niveles de análisis: la transición a un régimen de acumulación orientado a la valorización financiera, que puede resultar en un bajo ritmo de crecimiento económico y una mayor inestabilidad sistémica (nivel macroestructural); y el predominio de la lógica de maximización del valor accionario de la corporación no financiera, que implica en constante presión para reducción de costos y aumento de productividad (nivel micro-institucional). La combinación de estos niveles de análisis permite una visión de conjunto sobre los vínculos entre el avance de la financiarización y sus impactos en el ámbito de las relaciones de empleo y del proceso de trabajo en grandes empresas (impactos directos) y en el ámbito más general del mercado laboral y de la distribución de la renta (impactos indirectos). La discusión está centrada en la literatura económica internacional, sin embargo tiene el propósito de estimular el debate sobre las consecuencias de la financiarización para los trabajadores en países latinoamericanos.
Citas
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