Mots-clés
Politique sociale
Arène politique - Zimbabwe
Comment citer
Résumé
L'essor de la protection sociale en Afrique est un phénomène mondial complexe, façonné par un large éventail d'acteurs qui interagissent à différents niveaux et dont l'accès à l'espace politique et le degré d'influence sont déterminés par le pouvoir et les intérêts que détient chaque acteur. De même, au Zimbabwe, l'élaboration du National Social Protection Policy Framework (NSPPF) a été une lutte politique entre le gouvernement et différentes agences externes (institutions financières internationales, organisations non gouvernementales internationales et agences des Nations unies), au sein du gouvernement lui-même et au sein des agences externes. Cet article analyse le processus d'élaboration du NSPPF et conclut que la mise à l'échelle de la protection sociale en Afrique doit être comprise comme une question politique, et pas seulement comme un processus technique. Chaque acteur était guidé par une position idéologique différente, poussant à l'emporter sur les intérêts des autres acteurs. Comme l'influence des agences externes a prévalu dans cette politique, le “succès” s'est fait au prix d'une faible appropriation nationale, ce qui a rendu sa mise en œuvre incertaine.
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