Abstract
Nine Bella-Coola indigenous people from the northwest American coast toured Germany between 1885 and 1886. Promoted by Johan Adrian Jacobsen and Carl Hagenbeck, such human zoo shows used to raise great interest of the scientific societies of the time. Upon arriving in the capital Berlin, the Bella-Coola exhibition redirects Franz Boas' career and scientific interest, becoming a key event in his conversion to anthropology and further change to the United States. This article reconstitutes the Bella-Coola exhibition, and emphasizes the relationships established between Franz Boas and the troupe. As background unfolds a discussion about the importance of human zoos shows for the development of anthropology.
References
AMES, Eric. Carl Hagenbeck’s empire of entertainments. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2008.
BLANCHARD, Pascal et al. (org.). Zoos humains: de la Vénus hottentote aux reality shows. Paris: La Découverte, 2002.
BOAS, Franz. Kapitän Jacobsens Bella-Coola-Indianer. Berliner Tageblatt, Berlim, ano XV, n. 48, 25 jan. 1886a.
BOAS, Franz. Sprache der Bella-Coola-Indianer. Verhandlung der Berliner Gesellschaft für Anthropologie, Ethnologie und Urgeschichte, v. 18, p. 202-206, 1886b.
BOAS, Franz. The Language of the Bilhoola in British Columbia. Science, v. 7, p. 218, 1886c.
BOAS, Franz. The Kwakiutl of Vancouver Island. In: BOAS, Franz (Org.). The Jesup North Pacific Expedition: memoir of the American Museum of Natural History. New York: American Museum of Natural History, 1909.
BRACKEN, Christopher. The Potlatch Papers. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1997.
COLE, Douglas. Franz Boas and the Bella Coola in Berlin. Northwest Anthropological Research Notes, v. 16, n. 2, 1982.
GRIFFITHS, Alison. Wondrous difference: cinema anthropology and turn-of-the-century visual culture. New York: Columbia University Press, 2002.
HABERLAND, Wolfgang. Nine Bella Coolas in Germany. In: FEEST, Christian C. (Org.). Indians and Europe. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1999.
HINSLEY, Curtis. The world as marketplace: commodification of the exotic at the World’s Columbian Exposition. In: KARP, Ivan; LAVINE, Steven. Exhibiting Cultures. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1991.
KOUTSOUKOS, S. S. M. Zoológicos Humanos: gente em exibição na era do imperialismo. Campinas: Unicamp, 2020.
LANGE, Britta. Echt. Unecht. Lebensecht: Menschenbilder im Umlauf. Berlin: Kulturverlag Kadmos, 2006.
LANGE, Britta. Verzauberungs- und Entzauberungsverfahren: Die Bella-Coola-Völkerschau (1885/86) zwischen Anthropologie und Salonmagie. In: DIETZE, Gabriele; DORNHOF, Dorothea (Org.). Metropolenzauber. Viena: Böhlau Verlag, 2014.
LEWIS, Herbert. The Passion of Boas. In: LEWIS, Herbert. In Defense of Anthropology. New York: Routledge, 2014.
OKSILOFF, Assenka. Picturing the primitive: visual culture, ethnography and early German cinema. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
OLIVEIRA, João Pacheco de; SANTOS, Rita de Cássia Melo. Introdução. In: OLIVEIRA, João Pacheco de; SANTOS, Rita de Cássia Melo (Org.). De acervos coloniais aos museus indígenas. João Pessoa: UFPB, 2019.
RIEDL, Titus. De índios, crânios e seus ‘colecionadores’: dados sobre o exotismo e a trajetória da antropologia, no Brasil do século XIX. Revista de Ciências Sociais, v. 27, n. 1/2, 1996.
STOCKING, George. Franz Boas and the Culture Concept in Historical Perspective. In: STOCKING, George. Race, Culture, and Evolution. Chicago: University Chicago Press, 1968.
THODE-ARORA, Hilke. Für fünfzing Pfenning um die Welt. Frankfurt: Campus Verlag, 1989.
THODE-ARORA, Hilke. Abraham’s Diary: a European Ethnic Show from an Inuk Participant’s Viewpoint. Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Europe, v. 2, p. 2-17, 2002.
AUTOR. Figurações Primitivistas: Trânsitos do Exótico entre Museus, Cinema e Zoológicos Humanos. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Sociais) — Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2019.
VIRCHOW, Rudolf. Die anthropologische Untersuchung der Bella-Coola. Verhandlungen der Berliner Gesellsahaft fiir Anthropologies Ethnologie und Urgeschichte, v. 18, p. 206-215, 1886a.
VIRCHOW, Rudolf. Verwaltungsbericht für das Jahr 1886. Verhandlungen der Berliner Gesellschaft für Anthropologie, Ethnologie und Urgeschichte, Sitzung vom 18.12.1886. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, v. 18, p. 707-713, 1886b.
ZIMMERMAN, Andrew. Anthropology and antihumanism in Imperial Germany. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 2001.
BERLINER Börsenzeitung, 14 jan. 1886a.
BERLINER Börsenzeitung, 20 jan. 1886b.
BERLINER Börsenzeitung, 26 jan. 1886c.
BERLINER Tageblatt, 24 jan. 1886a.
BERLINER Tageblatt, 25 jan. 1886b.
BERLINER Tageblatt, 9 mar. 1886c.
KLADDERADATSCH, 24 jan. 1886a.
KLADDERADATSCH, 14 fev. 1886b.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2023 Marina Cavalcante Vieira