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“Não há raça na luta de classes”
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Palavras-chave

Afro-americanos
Socialismo
Nacionalismo negro
Black Belt
Partido Comunista dos Estados Unidos
Harry Haywood

Como Citar

MAHEO, Olivier. “Não há raça na luta de classes”: a esquerda americana e a raça 1920-1950. Cadernos Cemarx, Campinas, SP, v. 14, n. 00, p. e021016, 2021. DOI: 10.20396/cemarx.v14i00.15940. Disponível em: https://econtents.bc.unicamp.br/inpec/index.php/cemarx/article/view/15940. Acesso em: 28 mar. 2024.

Resumo

O Partido Comunista Americano conseguiu nos anos 1930 construir uma base militante dentre a minoria negra. Essa política foi resultado de diferentes tentativas para articular uma política de classe com o combate contra as desigualdades raciais. Uma nova abordagem teórica importada da Rússia revolucionária definiu os afro-americanos como uma nação oprimida em direito, portanto, de reivindicar o direito à autodeterminação e a constituição de uma república negra no Velho Sul: é a tese adotada em 1928 conhecida como “cinturão negro”, o “Black Belt” essa vasta região do Sul onde são maioria. Essa fórmula política, inaplicável na prática e pouco conciliável com a vontade de unificar a classe com o internacionalismo, tem sido pouco estudada. Ela ilustra os riscos da intersecção entre raça e classe e a maneira na qual foi dividida e ainda divide a esquerda. Nós vamos especificar sua origem e mostrar como ela ilumina a atividade de alguns militantes por formulá-la e impor ao partido. Nós nos propomos a estudar diferentes escritos de Harry Haywood e da imprensa comunista, nos cruzamentos de diferentes trabalhos de historiadores, para retraçar sua gênese.

https://doi.org/10.20396/cemarx.v14i00.15940
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Copyright (c) 2021 Olivier Maheo

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