Keywords
Musical emotion
Nonverbal communication
How to Cite
Abstract
Ethology is a science that studies the behavior of animals (including humans) in order to
obtain information about their emotional state through the observation of their behavior, gesture
and expression patterns. Such a tool can be used in the study of emotions evoked by music, both
with respect to musical listening and performance. This work presents the current theoretical
development of a doctoral research, which investigates possible musical meanings generated from
manipulations of sound elements, both in terms of expressed and/or perceived meanings, as well as
the consequent emerging effects in the listeners, through evoked emotion. This work relates the
analytical psychology approach, about symbols and the unconscious, with the approach of
ethology, about animal communication, in relation to cognitive and neural processes, and the
behavioral effects caused by music in the listener's organism.
References
Brandt, A. (2009). Music and the abstract Mind. The Journal of Music and Meaning, v. 7.
Clayton, M., Sager, R., Will, U. (2005). In time with the music: the concept of entrainment and its significance
for ethnomusicology. European meetings in ethnomusicology. v. 1 1. Romanian Society for
Ethnomusicology.
Damásio, A. (1999). O Mistério da Consciência: Do corpo e das emoções ao conhecimento de si. São Paulo.
Companhia das Letras.
Damásio, António. (2001). Fundamental Feelings. Nature, v. 413. Macmillan Publishers Limited.
David, C. M. O. (2006/2007). Objeto Sonoro em Freud. Psicanalise & Barroco - Revista de Teoria
Psicanalitica, v. 07, Juiz de Fora.
Eschen, J. Th. (2002). Analytical Music Therapy. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Garcia-Roza, L. A. (2009). Freud e o inconsciente. 24a. Edição, Rio de Janeiro. Jorge Zahar Editor.
Green, J. (2010). Understanding the Score: Film music communicating to and influencing the audience.
University of Illinois Press. Journal of Aesthetic Education, v. 44, n. 4, pp. 81-94.
Huron, David. (2012c). Understanding music-related emotion: Lessons from ethology. In: E. Cambouropoulos,
C. Tsougras, P. Mavromatis & K. Pastiadis. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Music
Perception and Cognition. Thessaloniki, Greece: ESCOM, pp. 473-482.
Huron, D., Yim, G. & Chordia, P. (2010). The effect of pitch exposure on sadness judgments: An association
betwen sadness and lower-than-normal pitch. In S.M. Demorest, S.J. Morrison, P.S. Campbell. Proceedings
of the 11th International Conference on Music Perception and Cognition. Seattle, Washington. pp. 63-66.
Huron, D., & Davis, M. (2010b). The effect of scale degree modifications on average interval size. In S.M.
Demorest, S.J. Morrison, & P.S. Campbell (Eds.), Proceedings of the 11th International Conference for
Music Perception and Cognition. Seattle, Washington.
Huron, D. (2008). A comparison of average pitch height and interval size in major- and minor-key themes:
Evidence consistent with affect-related pitch prosody. Empirical Musicology Review, n. 3 (2), pp. 59-63.
Jung, C. G. (2008). O Homem e seus Simbolos. 6 Edição. Rio de Janeiro. Editora Nova Fronteira S.A.
Jung, C. G. (2002). Os Arquétipos e o Inconsciente Coletivo. 2a
Edição. Petrópolis, RJ: Editora Vozes Ltda.
Juslin, P., Laukka, P. (2003). Communication of Emotions in Vocal Expression and Music Performance:
Different Channels, Same Code? Psychological Bulletin, v. 129, n. 5, pp. 770–814.
Nebenzahl, B. F. (2000). The Narative Power of Sound: Symbolism, emotion & meaning conveyed through the
Interplay of sight and sound in Terrence Malick´s Days of Heaven. Los Angeles, University of California.
Panksepp, J. (2009-2010). The emotional antecedents to the evolution of music and language. Musicœ Scientiœ.
Special Issue, pp. 229-259.
Panksepp, J., Bernatzky, G. (2002). Emotional sounds and the brain: the neuro-affective foundations of musical
appreciation. Behavioural Processes 60, pp. 133-155.
Patel, A. (2008). Music, Language, and the Brain. Oxford University Press, USA.
Reznikoff, I. (2004/2005). On Primitive Elements of Musical Meaning. The Journal of Music and Meaning, v. 3,
Fall, Section 2.
Schäfer, T., Sedlmeier, P., Städtler, C., Huron, D. (2013). The Psychological functions of music listening.
Frontiers in Psychology.
Scherer, K., Coutinho, E. (2013). How music creates emotion: a multifactorial process approach. In: Cochrane,
T., Fantini, B., & Scherer, K.R. The emotional power of music. Oxford University Press.
Schlaug, G. et al. (2013). Effects of voice on emotional arousal. Frontiers in Psychology. v. 4, n. 675.
Solanki, M. S., Zafar, M., Rastogi, R. (2013). Music as a Therapy: Role in psychiatry. Asian Journal of
Psychiatry, pp.193-199.
Trehub, S., Hannon, E., Schachner, A. (2010). Perspectives on music and affect in the early years. In: Juslin, P.
N., Handbook of Music and Emotion: Theory, Research, Applications. Oxford University Press.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2017 NICS Reports