Abstract
Invest higher cognitive attention to movements seems to be an important strategy for balance control and reduce fall-risk, especially during a threatened posture in elderly. The ability of pay attention in a particular way, on purpose, in the present moment, and non-judgmentally, also known as to dispositional mindfulness, seems to be one strategy to invest cognitive attention on movements and improve the balance control. The aim of our study was identify the association between dispositional mindfulness and the balance control in elderly. We evaluated the dispositional mindfulness through the Brazilian version of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and the balance capability through the balance Berg scale (BBS) in 48 elderly (age 66.3 ± 4.6, 16 males,37 females). There was significant correlation between MAAS and BBS (r= 0.32, p=0.02) and a between the semi-tandem stand balance of BBS, the most challenging test, and MAAS (r= 0.41, p=0.004). These findings evinced that the dispositional mindfulness may be one new strategy to improve the balance control and, consequently, reduce the risk of fall in elderly.
References
WHO | World report on ageing and health 2015. WHO [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Dec 21]; Available from: https://www.who.int/ageing/events/world-report-2015-launch/en/
Hong G-RS, Cho S-H, Tak Y. Falls among Koreans 45 years of age and older: incidence and risk factors. J Adv Nurs [Internet]. 2010 Sep 2 [cited 2018 Dec 21];66(9):2014–24. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05384.x
Guideline for the prevention of falls in older persons. American Geriatrics Society, British Geriatrics Society, and American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Panel on Falls Prevention. J Am Geriatr Soc [Internet]. 2001 May [cited 2018 Dec 21];49(5):664–72. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11380764
Horak FB. Postural orientation and equilibrium: what do we need to know about neural control of balance to prevent falls? Age Ageing [Internet]. 2006 Sep 1 [cited 2018 Dec 21];35 Suppl 2(suppl_2):ii7-ii11. Available from: http://academic.oup.com/ageing/article/35/suppl_2/ii7/15654/Postural-orientation-and-equilibrium-what-do-we
Huffman JL, Horslen BC, Carpenter MG, Adkin AL. Does increased postural threat lead to more conscious control of posture? Gait Posture [Internet]. 2009 Nov [cited 2018 Dec 21];30(4):528–32. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0966636209003385
Zaback M, Carpenter MG, Adkin AL. Threat-induced changes in attention during tests of static and anticipatory postural control. Gait Posture [Internet]. 2016 Mar [cited 2018 Dec 21];45:19–24. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26979877
Kabat-Zinn J. Wherever you go, there you are. New York: Hyperion; 1994.
Ahola Kohut S, Stinson J, Davies-Chalmers C, Ruskin D, van Wyk M. Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Clinical Samples of Adolescents with Chronic Illness: A Systematic Review. J Altern Complement Med [Internet]. 2017 Aug [cited 2018 Dec 21];23(8):581–9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28355082
Mahoney CT, Segal DL, Coolidge FL. Anxiety Sensitivity, Experiential Avoidance, and Mindfulness Among Younger and Older Adults. Int J Aging Hum Dev [Internet]. 2015 Oct 16 [cited 2018 Dec 21];81(4):217–40. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26676836
Nilsson H, Bülow PH, Kazemi A, Kazemi A. Mindful Sustainable Aging: Advancing a Comprehensive Approach to the Challenges and Opportunities of Old Age. Eur J Psychol [Internet]. 2015 Aug 20 [cited 2018 Dec 21];11(3):494–508. Available from: http://ejop.psychopen.eu/article/view/949
Brown KW, Ryan RM. The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol [Internet]. 2003 Apr [cited 2018 Dec 21];84(4):822–48. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12703651
Sardeli A V., Gáspari AF, Santos WM dos, Moraes DFG, Gadelha VB, Santos L do C, et al. Time-course of health-related adaptations in response to combined training in hypertensive elderly: immune and autonomic modulation interactions. Mot Rev Educ Física [Internet]. 2018 Nov 23 [cited 2018 Dec 21];24(4). Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1980-65742018000400707&lng=en&tlng=en
Barros VV de, Kozasa EH, Souza ICW de, Ronzani TM, Barros VV de, Kozasa EH, et al. Validity evidence of the brazilian version of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Psicol Reflexão e Crítica [Internet]. 2015 Mar [cited 2018 Dec 21];28(1):87–95. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-79722015000100087&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en
Berg K, Norman KE. Functional assessment of balance and gait. Clin Geriatr Med [Internet]. 1996 Nov [cited 2018 Dec 21];12(4):705–23. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8890112
Kee YH, Chatzisarantis N, Kong PW, Chow JY, Chen LH. Mindfulness, movement control, and attentional focus strategies: effects of mindfulness on a postural balance task. J Sport Exerc Psychol [Internet]. 2012 Oct [cited 2018 Dec 21];34(5):561–79. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23027228
Kerr CE, Sacchet MD, Lazar SW, Moore CI, Jones SR. Mindfulness starts with the body: somatosensory attention and top-down modulation of cortical alpha rhythms in mindfulness meditation. Front Hum Neurosci [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Dec 21];7:12. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23408771
Hilliard MJ, Martinez KM, Janssen I, Edwards B, Mille M-L, Zhang Y, et al. Lateral Balance Factors Predict Future Falls in Community-Living Older Adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil [Internet]. 2008 Sep [cited 2018 Dec 21];89(9):1708–13. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18760155
Pijnappels M, van der Burg (Petra) J. C. E., Reeves ND, van Dieën JH. Identification of elderly fallers by muscle strength measures. Eur J Appl Physiol [Internet]. 2008 Mar 11 [cited 2018 Dec 21];102(5):585–92. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18071745
Chodzko-Zajko WJ, Proctor DN, Fiatarone Singh MA, Minson CT, Nigg CR, Salem GJ, et al. Exercise and Physical Activity for Older Adults. Med Sci Sport Exerc [Internet]. 2009 Jul [cited 2018 Dec 21];41(7):1510–30. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19516148
Giangregorio LM, MacIntyre NJ, Heinonen A, Cheung AM, Wark JD, Shipp K, et al. Too Fit To Fracture: a consensus on future research priorities in osteoporosis and exercise. Osteoporos Int [Internet]. 2014 May 8 [cited 2018 Dec 21];25(5):1465–72. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24610579
Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Gillespie WJ, Lamb SE, Gates S, Cumming RG, et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. In: Gillespie LD, editor. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews [Internet]. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2009 [cited 2018 Dec 21]. p. CD007146. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19370674
Forge; L, M.S. R. Aligning Mind and Body: Exploring the Disciplines of Mindful Exercise. ACSMs Health Fit J. 2005;9(5):7–14.
Taylor-Piliae RE, Newell KA, Cherin R, Lee MJ, King AC, Haskell WL. Effects of Tai Chi and Western exercise on physical and cognitive functioning in healthy community-dwelling older adults. J Aging Phys Act [Internet]. 2010 Jul [cited 2018 Dec 21];18(3):261–79. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20651414
Mothes H, Klaperski S, Seelig H, Schmidt S, Fuchs R. Regular Aerobic Exercise Increases Dispositional Mindfulness in Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Ment Health Phys Act. 7(2):111–9.
Goble DJ, Coxon JP, Van Impe A, Geurts M, Doumas M, Wenderoth N, et al. Brain Activity during Ankle Proprioceptive Stimulation Predicts Balance Performance in Young and Older Adults. J Neurosci [Internet]. 2011 Nov 9 [cited 2018 Dec 21];31(45):16344–52. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22072686.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Innovation and Healthcare Management