The role of polyamines in activation of macrophages

Resumo

The polyamines are small molecules cationic that occurs naturally in eukaryotic cells. Part of polyamines are the putrescine, spermidine and spermine with roles in cell development, proliferation and cell differentiation. The macrophages are extremely versatile and plastic cell from innate immunity, which are responding the environment influences. Macrophages can be classified as pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2). The first profile yeild cytokines as TNF-? and IL-1?, with properties anti-tumoral response, anti-microbial and the glycolytic metabolism. The second profile yield cytokines as IL-10 (M2), with proprieties wound healing and the oxidative phosphorilation metabolism. Macrophages treated with polyamines could change from an pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory profile or reduce the pro-inflammatory profile. Putrescine has more positive effective in reduction TNF-? and spermine, despite higher doses, in reducing IL-6. More experiments are required to fully undertand the mechanism of polyamines.